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	<title>Comments on: Revenue Recognition and How You Date Contracts</title>
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		<title>By: Ken Adams</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-6223</link>
		<dc:creator>Ken Adams</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Jul 2007 00:38:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-6223</guid>
		<description>Michael: Thank you for reminding me of that nuisance, the blank in the introductory clause. Regarding language establishing when the agreement is effective, see &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/06/29/having-parties-date-their-signatures/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;this blog post&lt;/a&gt;. Ken</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Michael: Thank you for reminding me of that nuisance, the blank in the introductory clause. Regarding language establishing when the agreement is effective, see <a href="http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/06/29/having-parties-date-their-signatures/" rel="nofollow">this blog post</a>. Ken</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Dodson</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-6222</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Dodson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Jul 2007 00:00:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-6222</guid>
		<description>I dislike intensely a date in the introductory clause.  It has no meaning unless all parties sign the contract on that date, something that rarely happens in my practice.  There is confusion over which party should fill in the introductory date.  I require signatures to be dated and recite in the clause establishing the term of the contract that the contract will become effective from the date it has been executed by all parties.  Even auditors can figure out which date next to the signatures is last.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I dislike intensely a date in the introductory clause.  It has no meaning unless all parties sign the contract on that date, something that rarely happens in my practice.  There is confusion over which party should fill in the introductory date.  I require signatures to be dated and recite in the clause establishing the term of the contract that the contract will become effective from the date it has been executed by all parties.  Even auditors can figure out which date next to the signatures is last.</p>
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		<title>By: AdamsDrafting &#187; Blog Archive &#187; &#8220;Effective Date&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-6212</link>
		<dc:creator>AdamsDrafting &#187; Blog Archive &#187; &#8220;Effective Date&#8221;</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Jul 2007 11:52:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-6212</guid>
		<description>[...] their signatures rather than by including a date in the introductory clause (something I discuss in this blog post), one sees Effective Date used to refer to the date when all the parties have signed: This Contract [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] their signatures rather than by including a date in the introductory clause (something I discuss in this blog post), one sees Effective Date used to refer to the date when all the parties have signed: This Contract [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Michael Fleming</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-4014</link>
		<dc:creator>Michael Fleming</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 May 2007 18:14:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-4014</guid>
		<description>Surely this is not the only instance where an objective fact (for instance, was there &#039;persuasive evidence of an arrangement&#039; in existence on April 30 or May 1) can only be determined by an auditor&#039;s examination of any number of pieces of potentially contradictory and not necessarily authentic evidence.  

I think an auditor who suggests that any one piece of evidence, particularly one that is so easily faked (by intention or innocent mistake) like the penned signature date, should somehow be &lt;i&gt;dispositive&lt;/i&gt; to the question is misleading his client.  

At least Eric&#039;s suggestion of &#039;what date did it arrive at the revenue recognizer&#039;s finance department&#039; is a bit more likely to lead to a truthful answer, since it would require outright fraud instead of just an innocent error.  (On the other hand, I&#039;m sure the sales guys who get their contracts &#039;signed&#039; by the customer at 11:59 PM on the last day of the quarter would never stand for such a rule if they ruled the world.)

Like any question of law that depends on a particular fact, we must resign ourselves to marshalling many perceived truths of the date the deal became somehow an &#039;arrangement.&#039; Those perceptions will come from any number of sources, and may well be contradictory. Then we must make a determination of credibility of all of them and ultimately take our chances on which allegations should actually rule the day (or rule the date, so to speak).  

Auditors who look for simple ways out of that mess, which mess could never have a simple answer, deserve some degree of scrutiny in my humble opinion. And, I have confidence that the auditing profession already demonstrates an ability to ferret out truths from contradictory pools of evidence in other instances of interpreting GAAP, so why this one should somehow be different is beyond me. (I, of course, do not believe that ALL auditors say these things.)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Surely this is not the only instance where an objective fact (for instance, was there &#8216;persuasive evidence of an arrangement&#8217; in existence on April 30 or May 1) can only be determined by an auditor&#8217;s examination of any number of pieces of potentially contradictory and not necessarily authentic evidence.  </p>
<p>I think an auditor who suggests that any one piece of evidence, particularly one that is so easily faked (by intention or innocent mistake) like the penned signature date, should somehow be <i>dispositive</i> to the question is misleading his client.  </p>
<p>At least Eric&#8217;s suggestion of &#8216;what date did it arrive at the revenue recognizer&#8217;s finance department&#8217; is a bit more likely to lead to a truthful answer, since it would require outright fraud instead of just an innocent error.  (On the other hand, I&#8217;m sure the sales guys who get their contracts &#8217;signed&#8217; by the customer at 11:59 PM on the last day of the quarter would never stand for such a rule if they ruled the world.)</p>
<p>Like any question of law that depends on a particular fact, we must resign ourselves to marshalling many perceived truths of the date the deal became somehow an &#8216;arrangement.&#8217; Those perceptions will come from any number of sources, and may well be contradictory. Then we must make a determination of credibility of all of them and ultimately take our chances on which allegations should actually rule the day (or rule the date, so to speak).  </p>
<p>Auditors who look for simple ways out of that mess, which mess could never have a simple answer, deserve some degree of scrutiny in my humble opinion. And, I have confidence that the auditing profession already demonstrates an ability to ferret out truths from contradictory pools of evidence in other instances of interpreting GAAP, so why this one should somehow be different is beyond me. (I, of course, do not believe that ALL auditors say these things.)</p>
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		<title>By: Ken Adams</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3843</link>
		<dc:creator>Ken Adams</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2007 22:12:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3843</guid>
		<description>I&#039;d like to follow up on Eric&#039;s comment. He suggested that auditors shouldn’t recognize revenue on contracts until the contracts have been signed by all parties and are in the company&#039;s possession. As I&#039;ve mentioned to Eric, the problem that I see with that is that the auditors arrive on the scene after the reporting period is over, so they have to rely on the company&#039;s account of what happened when.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;d like to follow up on Eric&#8217;s comment. He suggested that auditors shouldn’t recognize revenue on contracts until the contracts have been signed by all parties and are in the company&#8217;s possession. As I&#8217;ve mentioned to Eric, the problem that I see with that is that the auditors arrive on the scene after the reporting period is over, so they have to rely on the company&#8217;s account of what happened when.</p>
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		<title>By: David Munn</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3831</link>
		<dc:creator>David Munn</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2007 15:04:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3831</guid>
		<description>Ken: Our contracts do state that the date in the introductory clause is the &quot;Effective Date.&quot; &quot;This agreement is entered into as of April 26, 2007 (the &quot;Effective Date&quot;), between . . .&quot; In most cases the effective date will be the date of the last signature, but there are cases where we need to have a specific effective date. 

I tried to do away with dating the signatures, but the auditors required us to put it back in. I suppose they think it&#039;s an extra measure of control to ensure we aren&#039;t playing games with revenue recognition, although in truth there are many times when the person signing for the customer does not date his or her signature, and there&#039;s certainly no guarantee that the date inserted is the actual date of signature. 

Our contracts do not reference the signature dates and therefore (I think) do not give those dates any legal effect. We would have a real problem with the auditors if a contract stated that it is effective as of the date of the last signature, but one or both parties neglected to date it.  David</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ken: Our contracts do state that the date in the introductory clause is the &#8220;Effective Date.&#8221; &#8220;This agreement is entered into as of April 26, 2007 (the &#8220;Effective Date&#8221;), between . . .&#8221; In most cases the effective date will be the date of the last signature, but there are cases where we need to have a specific effective date. </p>
<p>I tried to do away with dating the signatures, but the auditors required us to put it back in. I suppose they think it&#8217;s an extra measure of control to ensure we aren&#8217;t playing games with revenue recognition, although in truth there are many times when the person signing for the customer does not date his or her signature, and there&#8217;s certainly no guarantee that the date inserted is the actual date of signature. </p>
<p>Our contracts do not reference the signature dates and therefore (I think) do not give those dates any legal effect. We would have a real problem with the auditors if a contract stated that it is effective as of the date of the last signature, but one or both parties neglected to date it.  David</p>
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		<title>By: Revenue Recognition and How You Date Contracts &#60;&#60; InhouseBlog</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3825</link>
		<dc:creator>Revenue Recognition and How You Date Contracts &#60;&#60; InhouseBlog</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2007 11:22:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3825</guid>
		<description>[...] AdamsDrafting » Blog Archive » Revenue Recognition and How You Date Contracts   Email This Post to a Friend  Related Posts: Some Differences In Law And Practice Between U.K. And U.S. Stock Purchase Agreements Extreme Contract Simplification &#8220;No oral modification&#8221; Clause Doesn&#8217;t Work Transition Issue Looms in Revised UCC Article 9 Time to Add a Lap Dance Clause? [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] AdamsDrafting » Blog Archive » Revenue Recognition and How You Date Contracts   Email This Post to a Friend  Related Posts: Some Differences In Law And Practice Between U.K. And U.S. Stock Purchase Agreements Extreme Contract Simplification &#8220;No oral modification&#8221; Clause Doesn&#8217;t Work Transition Issue Looms in Revised UCC Article 9 Time to Add a Lap Dance Clause? [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Ken Adams</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3796</link>
		<dc:creator>Ken Adams</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2007 17:12:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3796</guid>
		<description>David: I think it&#039;s a little misleading to date the signatures and also include a date in the introductory clause. A date in the introductory clause suggests that the parties agreed on a date, but that wouldn&#039;t be the case if the contract provides for dated signatures. For administrative purposes it would indeed be useful to know what date to give the contract without having to flip through it, but I suggest that that can be accomplished by stamping the effective date at the top of the contract. (You might want to say &quot;Effective April 26, 2007&quot; rather than &quot;Dated April 26, 2007.&quot;) Ken</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>David: I think it&#8217;s a little misleading to date the signatures and also include a date in the introductory clause. A date in the introductory clause suggests that the parties agreed on a date, but that wouldn&#8217;t be the case if the contract provides for dated signatures. For administrative purposes it would indeed be useful to know what date to give the contract without having to flip through it, but I suggest that that can be accomplished by stamping the effective date at the top of the contract. (You might want to say &#8220;Effective April 26, 2007&#8243; rather than &#8220;Dated April 26, 2007.&#8221;) Ken</p>
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		<title>By: David Munn</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3795</link>
		<dc:creator>David Munn</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2007 17:01:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3795</guid>
		<description>Our auditors require us to have all signatures on our contracts dated, but they have not required us to change the practice of putting a date in the introductory clause. 

Unless there is a reason to have a contract dated on a specific day, our contracts administration people insert the date of the last signature as the date of the contract in the introductory clause. 

Having a date in the introductory clause makes it easier to refer to and locate contracts. It&#039;s awkward to refer to a contract that was signed by X on date 1 and by Y on date 2, and it requires the reader to look through the contract to find the signatures to determine if he or she is looking at the contract that&#039;s being referred to. Much easier to simply refer to the ABC agreement between X and Y dated MM DD, YYYY.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Our auditors require us to have all signatures on our contracts dated, but they have not required us to change the practice of putting a date in the introductory clause. </p>
<p>Unless there is a reason to have a contract dated on a specific day, our contracts administration people insert the date of the last signature as the date of the contract in the introductory clause. </p>
<p>Having a date in the introductory clause makes it easier to refer to and locate contracts. It&#8217;s awkward to refer to a contract that was signed by X on date 1 and by Y on date 2, and it requires the reader to look through the contract to find the signatures to determine if he or she is looking at the contract that&#8217;s being referred to. Much easier to simply refer to the ABC agreement between X and Y dated MM DD, YYYY.</p>
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		<title>By: Eric Goldman</title>
		<link>http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/comment-page-1/#comment-3794</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric Goldman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2007 17:01:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adamsdrafting.com/2007/04/25/revenue-recognition-and-how-you-date-contracts/#comment-3794</guid>
		<description>We encountered this request from our auditors when I was in-house (this was now about 7 years ago).  The request really didn&#039;t matter much to me--it was fine with me to add the extra line--but the reality is that the blank line rarely got filled in, and even more rarely was filled in using the date that ink was hitting paper.  IMO, the better approach is that auditors shouldn&#039;t recognize revenue on contracts until those mutually executed contracts are physically in the possession of the finance department--this avoids all the silliness about real or fictional dates written/specified in the contract.  Eric.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We encountered this request from our auditors when I was in-house (this was now about 7 years ago).  The request really didn&#8217;t matter much to me&#8211;it was fine with me to add the extra line&#8211;but the reality is that the blank line rarely got filled in, and even more rarely was filled in using the date that ink was hitting paper.  IMO, the better approach is that auditors shouldn&#8217;t recognize revenue on contracts until those mutually executed contracts are physically in the possession of the finance department&#8211;this avoids all the silliness about real or fictional dates written/specified in the contract.  Eric.</p>
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